Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte.

    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    12 We moved in recently.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    1 Do you rent or own your home?

    Rooms to rent sú izby na prenájom a House for sale je dom na predaj.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa úvodných článkov.

    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?

    Idiom keep up with the Joneses možno preložiť ako “držať krok s ostatnými” alebo nenechať sa zahanbiť susedmi, teda snažiť sa mať za každú cenu všetko to, čo majú aj ľudia okolo. Fráza keep up with znamená držať krok s (ostatnými ap.)

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • b I work from home.

    Skratka DIY pochádza zo spojenia do-it-yourself (urob to sám). Možno ju použiť aj ako prídavné meno. Napr.: DIY man je domáci majster.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám niekto prísť., Budeme mať návštevu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Prídu ku mne kamaráti.

    Exercise 5

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    • Vypočujte si nahrávku a určite, či je tvrdenie pravdivé (true), alebo nepravdivé (false) tvrdenie.

    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chýbajúcu časť prekladu.

    6 Pracujem na pol úväzku z domu. I work from home.
    5 Potrebujem vlastný pokoj. I need a room of my .
    1 Bývame v nájme v malom byte. We a small flat.
    2 Majiteľ zvýšil nájom. The landlord has the rent.
    7 Je to trojizbový byt. It's a flat.
    3 Býval som v podnájme. I lived in .
    8 Radi by si založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    4 Máme priestornú obývačku. We have a spacious room.

    Start znamená nielen začať, ale aj niečo založiť či rozbehnúť. Napr.: start a business - rozbehnúť podnikanie, He started a company. - Založil firmu.

    Exercise 7

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    • Prepíšte vety pomocou stiahnutých tvarov.

    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slová.

    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?

    Be stuck znamená trčať, uviaznuť (nemôcť preč). Get stuck (zmena stavu) prekladáme ako zostať trčať. Napr.: I got stuck in jam. - Zostal som trčať v zápche.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, ktoré znamenajú približne to isté.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • c They pay for living in that room.

    Pozor!Požičať niečo niekomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)požičať si niečo od niekoho je borrow (something from somebody). Napr.: Can you lend me your car? - Môžeš mi požičať auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Môžem si požičať tvoje auto? Sloveso lend má nepravidelné tvary: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Preveďte vety do budúceho priebehového času. Všímajte si analógiu časov.

    4 I won't stay.
    7 We were eating out.
    5 I was working on it.
    10 I've been watching you.
    8 What were you wearing?
    2 We were watching him.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    1 I'll wait there.
    3 Who will do that?
    6 I'm feeling tired.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce slová.

    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.

    Pozor na rozdielne termíny: double bed - manželská posteľ (dvojlôžko) ALE twin bed sú dve samostatné lôžka (na hotelovej izbe ap.) Twin twɪn znamená dvojča.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správne tvary slov z pomôcok.

    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    6 Budú vás očakávať.
    expect
    11 Prevediem vás po dome.
    give, tour
    7 Bývajú v nájme v trojizbovom byte.
    two-bedroom flat
    1 Okolo záhrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    10 Nechali si postaviť úplne nový dom.
    brand-new
    4 Utratili všetky svoje úspory.
    savings
    8 Domáci zvýšil nájom o 10 percent.
    increase
    2 Dole (v prízemí) je veľká obývačka.
    living room
    3 Nechali si postaviť bazén.
    pool
    5 Radi sedia pri kozube.
    fireplace
    12 Je skoro nemožné nájsť dostupné bývanie.
    affordable
    13 Naúčtovali mi viac. (pri platení)
    overcharge
    9 Potrebujú vlastné bývanie.
    home

    Realtor je v americkej angličtine realitný maklér či prenesene realitka. Napr. We sold our home through a realtor. - Predali sme dom cez realitku. V Británii sa používa skôr termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Prepíšte vety z britskej do americkej angličtiny.

    2 I've run out of petrol.
    4 I'll have chips.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    5 We'll watch a film.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    1 The bill please!
    6 We live on the second floor.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    8 We'll take the underground.

    Spojenie: be hit by sa bežne používa, ak niekoho zrazí vozidlo. Napr.: She was hit by a passing car. - Zrazilo ju prechádzajúce auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vety tak, aby mali opačný význam. Tam, kde je to možné, použite odvodzovanie pomocou predpôn a prípon.

    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhud možno preložiť ako susedstvo, ale je to aj štvrť alebo časť mesta, kde niekto býva. Napr. in our neighbourhood - tam pri nás (kde bývame.) V americkej angličtine sa slovo píše neighborhood. Analogický pravopis má i slovo neighbor (v britskej angličtine neighbour.)

    Exercise 16

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    • Preložte.

    7 Sťahujeme sa do iného mesta.
    17 Musel o tom vedieť.
    8 To rád počujem.
    4 Každý deň dochádzam do práce.
    12 Zrazilo ho auto.
    6 Budem hore. (na poschodí)
    3 Splnili sme si svoj sen.
    15 Stretli sme sa náhodou.
    9 Bývam tu už 5 rokov.
    13 Viete to iste?
    2 Bývajú teraz mimo mesto.
    11 Bola to láska na prvý pohľad.
    16 Zostal som trčať v zápche.
    1 Presťahovali sa do nového domu.
    14 Urobil som to omylom.
    10 Bude musieť bývať v podnájme.
    18 Mal si mi to povedať.
    5 Vzali sme si hypotéku.

    Slovom landlord sa označuje človek, ktorý prenajíma nehnuteľnosť. Nájomník je naopak tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájom ako zmluvný vzťah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opaľovať sa) doslova znamená “kúpať sa v slnku”: sun (slnko) + bathe beɪð (kúpať sa).