Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 9270

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte. Všímajte si stavbu anglickej vety a tvary slovies.

    12 I got no message from him.
    10 We went dancing last night.
    8 I thought so.
    15 I wasn't able to find it.
    16 He began to worry.
    14 We had to stay there.
    2 We had no money.
    1 She helped me.
    13 Sorry, I couldn't come.
    9 I saw him this morning.
    3 Jane was here an hour ago.
    18 He broke his arm.
    6 I spoke with him yesterday.
    4 Nobody knew about it.
    17 I found it in my pocket.
    5 I was single when we met.
    7 Who told you that?
    11 She left a few minutes ago.

    Všimnite si použitie anglického privlastňovacieho zámena na vyjadrenie slovenského si (niečo spôsobiť či urobiť sám sebe). Napr. She broke her leg. - Zlomila si nohu. (Zlomila svoju nohu.), He put it in his pocket. - Dal si to do vrecka., He broke his phone. - Rozbil si telefón., She tied her hair. - Zviazala si vlasy. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • fil
  • 9272

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovesa be v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 There no money and she angry.
    4 you there too? No, I not.
    5 Our parents not at home.
    10 Me and my sister afraid.
    7 The children very happy.
    9 There parties every day.
    6 Their dog with them.
    2 I at work and they at home.
    1 Where you last night?
    8 My brother not there.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo výslovnosti where a were! Where were you? wεəˈwɜːjuː

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 9274

    • Spojte zodpovedajúce výroky.

    • 1 She knew about it.
    • 2 Where were you born?
    • 3 We spoke about you.
    • 4 I gave him some money.
    • 5 He bought a car.
    • 6 We spent two days there.
    • 7 I made a mistake.
    • 8 I wasn't at home.
    • a Hovorili sme o tebe.
    • e Urobil som chybu.
    • f Kúpil si auto.
    • b Dal som mu nejaké peniaze.
    • c Strávili sme tam dva dni.
    • d Nebol som doma.
    • h Vedela o tom.
    • g Kde si sa narodil?

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 9275

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He had no money. I gave/gone/given him 20 dollars.
    1 She couldn't come. She brought/broke/bought her leg.
    3 Did you walk? - No, we went/got/met by car.
    6 When did he bring it? - He broke/brought/became it an hour ago.
    7 Where did they get the money? - They spent/sat/sold their house.
    8 Did she get the car from him? - No, she bought/thought/felt it.
    4 What did he want? - He found/felt/came to speak to you.
    9 They made/met/took on the bus and went/gave/became friends.
    5 Did you call him? - No, I spoke/sent/spent him a message.

    Pozor! Niektoré nepravidelné tvary bežných anglických slovies majú aj celkom iné významy. Napr. tvar saw je po slovensky aj podstatné meno píla, tvar thought je tiež myšlienka, tvar broke je aj prídavné meno znamenajúce na mizine, bez peňazí. Napr.: I'm broke. - Som na mizine., Som bez peňazí. Found je tvar slovesa find, ale tiež infinitív pravidelného slovesa, ktoré znamená založiť (organizáciu ap.) Môžete teda v minulom čase naraziť na tvar founded, ktorý však nie je tvarom slovesa find! Napr. He founded a city. - Založil mesto. ALE He found a city. - Našiel mesto.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 9277

    • Doplňte tvary slovies v jednoduchom minulom čase a prečítajte.

    9 Did you read it? - I it twice.
    6 When did you send it? - I it two hours ago.
    1 What did he want? - He to ask you something.
    16 When did she come? - She at six p.m.
    12 How long did it take? - It about two hours.
    15 Did Bob make this? - No, I it.
    8 What did you find? - I this.
    14 What did they drink? - They beer.
    5 What time did they leave? - They at five.
    17 What time did you wake up? - I up at six o'clock.
    11 Did she know about it? - No, she nothing!
    13 Did you buy any food? - No, I only milk.
    7 How much money did you give her? - I her nothing.
    4 How did you get there? - I there by bus.
    3 Where did you go last night? - We swimming.
    2 Did John bring those books? - No, I them.
    10 Who did you tell? - I nobody!

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 9278

    • Tvorte zo slov vety v jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 he, buy, her flowers.
    11 I, tell him about it.
    14 she, lose, the money.
    7 we, have to wait.
    12 Who, give you this?
    13 I, cannot, get up.
    10 When, he, call?
    2 she, call, you?
    8 It, be cold?
    9 She, leave, a minute ago.
    5 who, bring, the books?
    3 the children, be, good?
    1 We, go there, yesterday.
    6 I, think so.

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 9279

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Did he help you?
    • 2 How was your day?
    • 3 How much did you give her?
    • 4 Did you sleep well?
    • 5 Were his friends there too?
    • 6 Did you call her?
    • 7 How did they know?
    • 8 How long did it take?
    • e Not bad. And yours?
    • h No, I sent her a message.
    • g It took about three days.
    • d No, he had no time.
    • a I gave her a hundred euros.
    • f No. I only slept 3 hours.
    • c No, they couldn't come.
    • b I told them about it.

    Spojenie not bad sa bežne užíva vo význame celkom dobré, ide to ap.

    Exercise 8

  • sentence
  • 9281

    • Napíšte neurčitky slovies, ktoré počujete použité vo vetách v minulom čase.

    1
    6
    7
    2
    8
    12
    9
    11
    3
    5
    4
    10

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 9282

    • Doplňte správnu časovú predložku - before alebo ago.

    9 How long was it?
    3 Bob called me two days .
    1 Try to be there nine o'clock.
    7 I never go to bed ten.
    10 I'll be back midnight.
    5 We visited the city three years .
    4 He arrived a few minutes me.
    6 I saw him two days his departure.
    2 We spoke about it a week at my place.
    8 We met a long time .

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 9283

    • Upravte vety z budúceho času do minulého. Všímajte si analógie.

    7 We'll go there together.
    4 I'll send it to you.
    14 I'll let him know.
    8 He'll give it to her.
    2 Bob will come alone.
    10 Will you go there?
    13 Who will buy it?
    11 When will she come?
    9 Will they send it?
    3 They'll speak about us.
    5 You'll break it.
    12 I won't tell him!
    6 Jane will make dinner.
    1 She'll be there.

    Sloveso let má vo všetkých časoch rovnaký tvar, teda aj v minulom čase. Iba v čase prítomnom jednoduchom má s 3. osobou jednotného čísla tvar lets. Napr.: (minulý čas) She let him sleep. - Nechala ho spať., (prítomný čas jednoduchý) She lets him sleep. - Necháva ho spať. ap. Nezamieňajte však lets (pre 3. osobu) a výzvu let's - let us! Napr. Let's go!

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 9285

    • Odpovedzte na otázky celou vetou podľa slov v pomôckach.

    12 Did you get my message? no
    3 When did you get up? at six
    15 What did he tell you? nothing
    7 Did anybody call? nobody
    6 Where did you meet? on the bus
    5 What did you buy? bananas
    8 Did they agree? no
    16 What did you drink? beer
    10 Did Bob lose it? no, I
    14 What did you speak about? you
    2 When did he leave? an hour ago
    13 What did he know? nothing
    11 Did he make any mistakes? many
    4 Who did you send it to? Bob
    1 How did you go there? by car
    9 How long did it take? 1 hour

    Slovo drunk je 3. tvar (minulé príčastie - PP) slovesa drink, ale tiež prídavné meno opitý. Podobné je to s mnohými anglickými slovesami, napr. so slovesom break a jeho tvarom broken (rozbitý, zlomený), give - given (daný), find - found (nájdený), know - known (známy) či so slovesom go a tvarom gone. Spojenie be gone znamená byť preč. He's gone. - Je preč. (Odišiel.)

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 9287

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    7 We had a good time.
    1 We left home at seven.
    6 We spoke about her.
    3 We met at John's place.
    10 We stayed in a hotel.
    2 Jane went there alone.
    5 I spent the weekend at home.
    9 We got there by car.
    8 They sent it last week.
    4 John bought the drinks.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 9288

    • Preložte. Využite nápovedu.

    6 Dal som mu vedieť. let know
    5 Našiel to a poslal. find, send
    9 Nemohol som prísť. cannot
    10 Tie peniaze si nechala. keep
    2 Rozviedli sa. get divorced
    13 Trvalo mu to dva dni. take
    12 Videl som ju včera. see
    3 Písal som im. write to
    7 Musela odísť. have to leave
    4 Počul som o tom. hear
    11 Kde si sa narodil? be born
    8 Zobudil ma o piatej. wake up
    1 Nechcel prísť. want to come

    What took you so long? možno preložiť ako: Čo ti trvalo tak dlho?

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 9290

    • Tvorte zo slov nepriame rozkazy pomocou let a tell.

    2 she, come tomorrow
    6 he, take care of it
    11 my parents, not, leave
    12 your mum, not, worry
    8 your father, not, sleep
    7 they, send it to me
    4 John, stay in bed
    5 she, learn it
    10 she, not, lose it
    9 children, not, watch TV
    3 they, sit down
    1 he, call me.

    Don't worry (about it). znamená Nerob si (s tým) starosti., Netráp sa tým. Fázu: Let me worry about that. možno ho preložiť ako: O to sa postarám ja.

    Exercise 15

  • sentence
  • 9292

    • Tvorte z kladných viet záporné vety a naopak.

    11 They didn't have to wait.
    9 I didn't try it.
    6 He kept the money.
    4 They didn't sleep together.
    12 I saw her yesterday.
    2 They didn't bring any money.
    5 We spent the night there.
    7 I thought so.
    10 He took English lessons.
    3 I wasn't able to do that.
    8 We didn't go there by car.
    1 She went there alone.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 9293

    • Prečítajte nahlas časové údaje celými slovami.

    5 room No. 1068
    4 phone No. 678850777
    1 in the year 1898
    3 on May 13, 2011
    7 in 1308
    8 from 1917 to 2016
    2 in the 1980s
    6 in the early 1950s

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 9294

    • Napíšte čísla a údaje, ktoré budete počuť.

    2
    3
    1
    4
    5

    Exercise 18

  • sentence
  • 9295

    • Preložte výzvy pomocou slovesa let. Využite pomôcky.

    10 Neponáhľajme sa! hurry
    2 Dajme si pauzu. have a break
    8 Nehovorme o tom. speak about
    4 Sadnime si tu. sit here
    6 Nestrácajme čas! waste time
    7 Nehádajme sa! argue
    3 Porozprávajme sa. talk
    1 Poďme peši. walk
    5 Poďme ku mne. go, my place
    9 Nemyslime na to! think about

    Exercise 19

  • sentence
  • 9296

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu chýbajúce údaje.

    5 Jane is Jack's daughter and Jack is Mary's son. Jane is Mary's ...
    1 Jane was born in 1990. She was 20 years old in ...
    9 Bob doesn't have a wife and he has no girlfriend or boyfriend. He's ...
    8 Frank is Mary's husband and Mary is Frank's ...
    4 Jane is Frank's granddaughter. Frank is her ...
    2 John is an only child. He's got ... siblings.
    6 Mary is Bob's grandma and Jack is Bob's grandpa. Mary and Jack are his ...
    7 Kate is Frank's and Jane's mother. That means that Frank and Jane are ...
    12 John and Bob are good friends. They get ... well.
    11 Mary was married, but her husband died. She is now a ...
    3 Mary is Bob's grandma. Bob is Mary's ...
    10 John is a little boy, but his parents died. John is now an ...

    Zapamätajte si termín marital status (ˈmærɪtəl ˈsteɪtəs) - rodinný stav. Môžete sa s ním často stretnúť pri vypĺňaní formulárov. Typicky sa do kolónky vypĺňa jeden z termínov: single (slobodný/slobodná), married (ženatý/vydatá), divorced (rozvedený/rozvedená), separated (žijúci oddelene) či ev. widowed (ovdovený/ovdovená).

    Exercise 20

  • sentence
  • 9298

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    10 Urobil si chybu.
    11 Poslala mi správu.
    3 Neboli doma.
    17 Nechal som to na tvojom stole.
    7 Odišla pred minútou.
    15 Jej priateľ pred rokom zomrel.
    12 Dostal som od neho správu.
    20 Nehovorme o tom!
    5 Išiel tam sám?
    19 Zabudnime na to.
    16 Skúšal som to dvakrát.
    9 Nemohol som ho zastihnúť.
    2 Boli ste tam tiež?
    6 Kedy volala?
    13 Stretol som ho včera.
    18 Zabudol som mu to povedať.
    14 Videl som ju minulý týždeň.
    1 Bol som tam včera.
    4 Kto tam išiel?
    8 Čo si robil včera večer?

    Slovo alone znamená slovensky sám, ale iba ak hovoríme, že niekto je bez sprievodu, osamotený ap. Napr.: I live alone. - Bývam sám., Leave me alone. - Nechajte ma (o samote). Ak chceme vyjadriť, že niekto niečo urobil sám (bez cudzej pomoci), treba použiť zvratné zámeno, ktoré mení tvary podľa osoby: I - myself, you - yourself, he - himself. Napr. “Urobil som to sám.” - I did it myself., “Vyrobil to sám.” - He made it himself. ap. Viac pozri Zvratné zámená v Lekcii 11.

    Pozor na rozdiel vo význame medzi friend a boyfriend pri preklade slovenského priateľ! Friend je všeobecne priateľ ako kamarát. Boyfriend resp. girlfriend je priateľ resp. priateľka ako partner či partnerka v ľúbostnom vzťahu.