Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    7 Who should I turn to?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    10 We ought not to forget that.
    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    14 Who else could do it?
    15 Could I have another beer?
    5 How should I know?
    6 Why should he help us?
    3 He should look after her.
    1 Could you wait a minute?
    2 How could he know that?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    13 What else should we bring?
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home

    Exercise 4

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    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder

    Exercise 5

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

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    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's
    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • b if she feels tired.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.
    • f ask somebody.
    • a you should wake him up.
    • h he should call her.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • d if you don't like it.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    5 Daj to do auta.
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    4 Budem u mamy.
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    1 Idem do práce.
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.
    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).
    6 What is the difference them?

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte.

    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte.

    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    6 To by nemal byť problém.

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)