Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    15 Could I have another beer?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    14 Who else could do it?
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    5 How should I know?
    10 We ought not to forget that.
    2 How could he know that?
    13 What else should we bring?
    1 Could you wait a minute?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    3 He should look after her.
    6 Why should he help us?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    7 Who should I turn to?

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home

    Exercise 4

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    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more

    Exercise 5

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

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    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • b if she feels tired.
    • h he should call her.
    • d if you don't like it.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.
    • f ask somebody.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • a you should wake him up.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.
    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    5 Daj to do auta.
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    1 Idem do práce.
    4 Budem u mamy.
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).
    6 What is the difference them?
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte.

    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte.

    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    6 To by nemal byť problém.
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)