Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    5 How should I know?
    13 What else should we bring?
    1 Could you wait a minute?
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    15 Could I have another beer?
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    7 Who should I turn to?
    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    14 Who else could do it?
    6 Why should he help us?
    2 How could he know that?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    3 He should look after her.
    10 We ought not to forget that.

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry

    Exercise 4

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    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more

    Exercise 5

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

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    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • f ask somebody.
    • b if she feels tired.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.
    • h he should call her.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • d if you don't like it.
    • a you should wake him up.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    4 Budem u mamy.
    1 Idem do práce.
    5 Daj to do auta.
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    6 What is the difference them?
    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte.

    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.
    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.
    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte.

    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    6 To by nemal byť problém.
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)