Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    7 Who should I turn to?
    14 Who else could do it?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    2 How could he know that?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    10 We ought not to forget that.
    13 What else should we bring?
    3 He should look after her.
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    1 Could you wait a minute?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    5 How should I know?
    6 Why should he help us?
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    15 Could I have another beer?

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her

    Exercise 4

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    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more

    Exercise 5

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    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.
    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

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    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's
    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

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    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • g if you don't sleep enough.
    • d if you don't like it.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • h he should call her.
    • b if she feels tired.
    • a you should wake him up.
    • f ask somebody.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.
    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

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    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    4 Budem u mamy.
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    1 Idem do práce.
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    5 Daj to do auta.
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    6 What is the difference them?
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

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    • Preložte.

    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.

    Exercise 14

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    • Preložte.

    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.
    6 To by nemal byť problém.

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)