Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    3 I got it my friend.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    5 Can you tell me more it?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.