Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.