Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.