Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.