Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    5 Can you tell me more it?
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.