Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    7 He died the age 95.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.