Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    3 I got it my friend.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.