Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 3

  • sentence
  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

  • sentence
  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

  • sentence-color-r
  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

  • fil-table
  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

  • fil
  • 490

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

  • check
  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

  • fil
  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

  • join
  • 499

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

  • check
  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

  • check
  • 505

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

  • fil
  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

  • fil
  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

  • sentence
  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

  • fil
  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

  • check
  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

  • fil
  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

  • sentence
  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.