Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    3 I got it my friend.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.