Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    3 I got it my friend.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    5 Can you tell me more it?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Jdeš s námi?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.