Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    3 I got it my friend.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    7 He died the age 95.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.