Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    7 He died the age 95.
    13 I go to see him time time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.