Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    13 I go to see him time time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    3 I got it my friend.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.