Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

  • sentence
  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

  • sentence
  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

  • sentence-color-r
  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell

    Exercise 9

  • fil-table
  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

  • fil
  • 490

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

  • check
  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

  • fil
  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    4 Can I have a glass water?
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    7 He died the age 95.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

  • join
  • 499

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

  • check
  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

  • check
  • 505

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

  • fil
  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

  • fil
  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

  • sentence
  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

  • fil
  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

  • check
  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

  • fil
  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

  • sentence
  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.