Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.