Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    20 It feels great!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    3 I got it my friend.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.