Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.