Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    7 He died the age 95.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    10 Kolik to stojí?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.