Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    3 I got it my friend.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.