Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    3 I got it my friend.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.