Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    8 We met several times.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    3 I got it my friend.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.