Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    13 I go to see him time time.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.