Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    3 I got it my friend.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.