Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

  • sentence
  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

  • sentence
  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

  • sentence-color-r
  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

  • fil-table
  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

  • fil
  • 490

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

  • check
  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

  • fil
  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    3 I got it my friend.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

  • join
  • 499

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

  • check
  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

  • check
  • 505

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

  • fil
  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

  • fil
  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

  • sentence
  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

  • fil
  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.

    Exercise 23

  • check
  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

  • fil
  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

  • sentence
  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    10 Kolik to stojí?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.