Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    7 He died the age 95.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    3 I got it my friend.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.