Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    3 I got it my friend.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Jdeš s námi?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.