Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    12 You should do it soon possible.
    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Jdeš s námi?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.