Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    2 Take a look at this!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.