Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    7 He died the age 95.
    3 I got it my friend.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    13 I go to see him time time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.