Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.