Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    4 Can I have a glass water?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    3 I got it my friend.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    13 I go to see him time time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.