Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.