Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    3 I got it my friend.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    7 He died the age 95.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.