Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.