Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.