Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    7 He died the age 95.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    13 I go to see him time time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.