Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    8 We met several times.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    7 He died the age 95.
    3 I got it my friend.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.