Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    3 I got it my friend.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.