Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    7 He died the age 95.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.