Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 595

    • Přeložte.

    14 I've changed my mind.
    17 What's happened?
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    6 Have we met before?
    18 I've known him for years.
    1 Where have you been?
    9 We haven't met for months.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    8 I've just read it.
    4 Have you been here before?
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    2 Have you seen it?
    11 Have you eaten?
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    12 I've spoken with him.
    5 I've never been there.

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    7
    2
    1
    8
    10
    6
    4
    5
    3
    9

    Exercise 3

  • fil
  • 598

    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    10 I've buy some apples.
    4 I have see that film.
    5 They've leave already.
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    6 I've hear about it.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    1 He's break his leg.
    7 We've never be there.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?

    Exercise 4

  • join
  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • a V příloze najdete
    • e S pozdravem
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • d Příjemce
    • h Předmět
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    9 There's been a lot of time.
    8 There's a problem.
    1 What's new?
    4 Who's there?
    12 How's it going?
    5 She's been there before.
    10 He's had three beers.
    7 I've told him.
    6 She's still there.
    3 Who's done it?
    2 What's happened?
    11 He's coming too.

    Exercise 6

  • fil-table
  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    14 He's great progress.
    2 We have no mistakes.
    6 Have you your homework?
    4 I've some tea.
    1 Have you the cleaning?
    12 You've a mess of it!
    7 How much money did she ?
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    15 I need to a phone call.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    10 It no sense.
    11 What sports do you ?
    5 I'm my best.
    13 We can without them.
    8 They've a lot of damage.

    Exercise 7

  • check
  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.

    Exercise 8

  • join
  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • g No, I've been here before.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    10 whom it may concern
    5 Send it this address.
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence-color-r
  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    3
    I, cut, myself
    8
    why, you, come here?
    9
    she, speak, with him
    7
    he, not, find it
    4
    I, make, dinner
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    1
    she, break, her arm
    5
    they, not, send it
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 608

    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    4 I not see John last week.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

  • check
  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

  • fil
  • 612

    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 614

    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    10 Už jste jedli? eat
    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years
    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet
    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    2 Už odešla. leave
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet
    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 615

    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    3 I've done that .
    6 She's worked here five years.
    1 I've been here two hours.
    4 We've lived here last year.
    2 Have you cleaned ?
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    5 They haven't arrived .
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!
    1 Už jsem jedl.
    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.
    5 Znám ho už roky.
    9 Už odcházíte?
    3 Ještě to neposlal.
    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.