Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 595

    • Přeložte.

    14 I've changed my mind.
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    4 Have you been here before?
    2 Have you seen it?
    6 Have we met before?
    18 I've known him for years.
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    8 I've just read it.
    9 We haven't met for months.
    1 Where have you been?
    5 I've never been there.
    11 Have you eaten?
    12 I've spoken with him.
    17 What's happened?
    13 Have you decided yet?
    3 She hasn't come yet.

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    5
    8
    9
    1
    4
    10
    2
    7
    3
    6

    Exercise 3

  • fil
  • 598

    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    8 I've tell him about it.
    4 I have see that film.
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    6 I've hear about it.
    1 He's break his leg.
    7 We've never be there.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    5 They've leave already.

    Exercise 4

  • join
  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • a V příloze najdete
    • h Předmět
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • d Příjemce
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • e S pozdravem
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    7 I've told him.
    6 She's still there.
    3 Who's done it?
    2 What's happened?
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    5 She's been there before.
    8 There's a problem.
    10 He's had three beers.
    4 Who's there?
    1 What's new?
    12 How's it going?
    11 He's coming too.

    Exercise 6

  • fil-table
  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    12 You've a mess of it!
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    4 I've some tea.
    1 Have you the cleaning?
    10 It no sense.
    2 We have no mistakes.
    15 I need to a phone call.
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    14 He's great progress.
    13 We can without them.
    11 What sports do you ?
    7 How much money did she ?
    5 I'm my best.
    6 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 7

  • check
  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.

    Exercise 8

  • join
  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • c Our car has broken down.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    10 whom it may concern
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    5 Send it this address.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence-color-r
  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    9
    she, speak, with him
    5
    they, not, send it
    8
    why, you, come here?
    1
    she, break, her arm
    7
    he, not, find it
    4
    I, make, dinner
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    3
    I, cut, myself
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 608

    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    4 I not see John last week.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

  • check
  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

  • fil
  • 612

    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 614

    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet
    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet
    10 Už jste jedli? eat
    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time
    2 Už odešla. leave
    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 615

    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    2 Have you cleaned ?
    6 She's worked here five years.
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    4 We've lived here last year.
    1 I've been here two hours.
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    3 I've done that .
    5 They haven't arrived .

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    9 Už odcházíte?
    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.
    1 Už jsem jedl.
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    5 Znám ho už roky.
    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?
    3 Ještě to neposlal.

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.