Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 595

    • Přeložte.

    5 I've never been there.
    18 I've known him for years.
    11 Have you eaten?
    2 Have you seen it?
    9 We haven't met for months.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    14 I've changed my mind.
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    4 Have you been here before?
    6 Have we met before?
    8 I've just read it.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    12 I've spoken with him.
    1 Where have you been?
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    17 What's happened?

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    10
    8
    3
    5
    4
    9
    1
    2
    7
    6

    Exercise 3

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  • 598

    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    4 I have see that film.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    7 We've never be there.
    1 He's break his leg.
    5 They've leave already.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    6 I've hear about it.
    10 I've buy some apples.

    Exercise 4

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  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • h Předmět
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.
    • a V příloze najdete
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • e S pozdravem
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • d Příjemce

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

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  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    10 He's had three beers.
    12 How's it going?
    5 She's been there before.
    7 I've told him.
    6 She's still there.
    3 Who's done it?
    2 What's happened?
    8 There's a problem.
    4 Who's there?
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    1 What's new?
    11 He's coming too.

    Exercise 6

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  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    13 We can without them.
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    2 We have no mistakes.
    1 Have you the cleaning?
    4 I've some tea.
    15 I need to a phone call.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    7 How much money did she ?
    11 What sports do you ?
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    5 I'm my best.
    6 Have you your homework?
    14 He's great progress.
    10 It no sense.
    12 You've a mess of it!

    Exercise 7

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  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.

    Exercise 8

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  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • g No, I've been here before.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

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  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 Send it this address.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    10 whom it may concern
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.

    Exercise 10

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  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    9
    she, speak, with him
    5
    they, not, send it
    1
    she, break, her arm
    4
    I, make, dinner
    8
    why, you, come here?
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    7
    he, not, find it
    3
    I, cut, myself
    6
    you, do, the dishes?

    Exercise 11

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  • 608

    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    4 I not see John last week.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

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  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

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  • 614

    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet
    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    2 Už odešla. leave
    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to
    10 Už jste jedli? eat
    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    6 She's worked here five years.
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    2 Have you cleaned ?
    1 I've been here two hours.
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    3 I've done that .
    4 We've lived here last year.
    5 They haven't arrived .

    Exercise 16

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  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.
    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!
    1 Už jsem jedl.
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    9 Už odcházíte?
    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?
    5 Znám ho už roky.
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    3 Ještě to neposlal.

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.