Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 Have you been here before?
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    5 I've never been there.
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    18 I've known him for years.
    2 Have you seen it?
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    14 I've changed my mind.
    12 I've spoken with him.
    11 Have you eaten?
    8 I've just read it.
    17 What's happened?
    1 Where have you been?
    9 We haven't met for months.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    6 Have we met before?

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    3
    2
    6
    10
    5
    7
    9
    4
    8
    1

    Exercise 3

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  • 598

    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    4 I have see that film.
    6 I've hear about it.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    1 He's break his leg.
    7 We've never be there.
    5 They've leave already.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.

    Exercise 4

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  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • h Předmět
    • d Příjemce
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.
    • a V příloze najdete
    • e S pozdravem

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

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  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    4 Who's there?
    7 I've told him.
    11 He's coming too.
    10 He's had three beers.
    5 She's been there before.
    2 What's happened?
    1 What's new?
    12 How's it going?
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    8 There's a problem.
    6 She's still there.
    3 Who's done it?

    Exercise 6

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  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    13 We can without them.
    4 I've some tea.
    6 Have you your homework?
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    1 Have you the cleaning?
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    11 What sports do you ?
    12 You've a mess of it!
    15 I need to a phone call.
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm my best.
    7 How much money did she ?
    2 We have no mistakes.
    10 It no sense.
    14 He's great progress.

    Exercise 7

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  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.

    Exercise 8

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  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • f She's changed her mind.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

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  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 Send it this address.
    10 whom it may concern
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.

    Exercise 10

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  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    3
    I, cut, myself
    9
    she, speak, with him
    7
    he, not, find it
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    4
    I, make, dinner
    1
    she, break, her arm
    5
    they, not, send it
    8
    why, you, come here?

    Exercise 11

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  • 608

    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    4 I not see John last week.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

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  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

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  • 614

    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet
    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years
    10 Už jste jedli? eat
    2 Už odešla. leave
    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet
    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    5 They haven't arrived .
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    1 I've been here two hours.
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    6 She's worked here five years.
    3 I've done that .
    2 Have you cleaned ?
    4 We've lived here last year.

    Exercise 16

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  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    3 Ještě to neposlal.
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    5 Znám ho už roky.
    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    1 Už jsem jedl.
    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    9 Už odcházíte?
    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.