Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 595

    • Přeložte.

    1 Where have you been?
    9 We haven't met for months.
    5 I've never been there.
    4 Have you been here before?
    6 Have we met before?
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    11 Have you eaten?
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    18 I've known him for years.
    14 I've changed my mind.
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    2 Have you seen it?
    8 I've just read it.
    17 What's happened?
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    12 I've spoken with him.

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    8
    4
    2
    6
    1
    10
    9
    5
    3
    7

    Exercise 3

  • fil
  • 598

    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    5 They've leave already.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    6 I've hear about it.
    4 I have see that film.
    7 We've never be there.
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    1 He's break his leg.

    Exercise 4

  • join
  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • d Příjemce
    • h Předmět
    • e S pozdravem
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • a V příloze najdete

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    12 How's it going?
    3 Who's done it?
    2 What's happened?
    6 She's still there.
    8 There's a problem.
    4 Who's there?
    7 I've told him.
    5 She's been there before.
    10 He's had three beers.
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    11 He's coming too.
    1 What's new?

    Exercise 6

  • fil-table
  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    1 Have you the cleaning?
    5 I'm my best.
    14 He's great progress.
    2 We have no mistakes.
    4 I've some tea.
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    10 It no sense.
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    12 You've a mess of it!
    6 Have you your homework?
    7 How much money did she ?
    15 I need to a phone call.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    11 What sports do you ?
    13 We can without them.

    Exercise 7

  • check
  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.

    Exercise 8

  • join
  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    5 Send it this address.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    10 whom it may concern
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence-color-r
  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    5
    they, not, send it
    8
    why, you, come here?
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    9
    she, speak, with him
    4
    I, make, dinner
    1
    she, break, her arm
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    7
    he, not, find it
    3
    I, cut, myself

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 608

    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    4 I not see John last week.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

  • check
  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

  • fil
  • 612

    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 614

    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet
    2 Už odešla. leave
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet
    10 Už jste jedli? eat
    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 615

    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    5 They haven't arrived .
    4 We've lived here last year.
    3 I've done that .
    1 I've been here two hours.
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    2 Have you cleaned ?
    6 She's worked here five years.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    1 Už jsem jedl.
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?
    3 Ještě to neposlal.
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    9 Už odcházíte?
    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!
    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    5 Znám ho už roky.
    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.