Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 595

    • Přeložte.

    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    9 We haven't met for months.
    5 I've never been there.
    8 I've just read it.
    2 Have you seen it?
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    18 I've known him for years.
    17 What's happened?
    14 I've changed my mind.
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    12 I've spoken with him.
    1 Where have you been?
    6 Have we met before?
    11 Have you eaten?
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    4 Have you been here before?

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    7
    3
    4
    10
    6
    8
    9
    1
    5
    2

    Exercise 3

  • fil
  • 598

    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    7 We've never be there.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    5 They've leave already.
    6 I've hear about it.
    8 I've tell him about it.
    1 He's break his leg.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    4 I have see that film.

    Exercise 4

  • join
  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • e S pozdravem
    • d Příjemce
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • h Předmět
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • a V příloze najdete

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    10 He's had three beers.
    2 What's happened?
    5 She's been there before.
    8 There's a problem.
    3 Who's done it?
    4 Who's there?
    6 She's still there.
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    1 What's new?
    11 He's coming too.
    7 I've told him.
    12 How's it going?

    Exercise 6

  • fil-table
  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    1 Have you the cleaning?
    14 He's great progress.
    4 I've some tea.
    6 Have you your homework?
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    12 You've a mess of it!
    10 It no sense.
    11 What sports do you ?
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    5 I'm my best.
    13 We can without them.
    15 I need to a phone call.
    2 We have no mistakes.
    7 How much money did she ?

    Exercise 7

  • check
  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.

    Exercise 8

  • join
  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    10 whom it may concern
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    5 Send it this address.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence-color-r
  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    9
    she, speak, with him
    3
    I, cut, myself
    5
    they, not, send it
    8
    why, you, come here?
    1
    she, break, her arm
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    4
    I, make, dinner
    7
    he, not, find it

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 608

    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    4 I not see John last week.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

  • check
  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

  • fil
  • 612

    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 614

    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to
    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years
    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet
    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    10 Už jste jedli? eat
    2 Už odešla. leave
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 615

    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    6 She's worked here five years.
    4 We've lived here last year.
    3 I've done that .
    5 They haven't arrived .
    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    2 Have you cleaned ?
    1 I've been here two hours.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?
    9 Už odcházíte?
    3 Ještě to neposlal.
    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    1 Už jsem jedl.
    5 Znám ho už roky.
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!
    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.