Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    8 What is it called in English?

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • f Naštval se.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • a Ochlazuje se.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    6 He promoted her.
    9 You can eat it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    1 They saw her there.
    13 They hired two employees.
    14 Our company employed him.
    3 She sent the message.
    4 Someone told him to do it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    5 32
    6 53
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    1 2/3
    7 106
    3 5/9
    2 3/4

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Proslavila se. famous
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    3 Opili se. drunk

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    4 Byl povýšen.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.