Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval se.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • d Nelepší se to.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    2 The house sell last week.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 To rád slyším. glad
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 They made him do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    3 She sent the message.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    6 He promoted her.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    5 32
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    3 5/9
    2 3/4
    4 1/2
    7 106
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    6 53

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    3 Opili se. drunk
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    6 she, hair, cut
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.