Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    10 This word is not used often.
    3 I'm an employee.
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • f Naštval se.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • d Nelepší se to.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 He promoted her.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    8 They gave us some money.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    9 You can eat it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    4 1/2
    11 0.25
    7 106
    1 2/3
    6 53
    3 5/9

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    3 Opili se. drunk

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    6 she, hair, cut
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    4 Byl povýšen.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    17 Dostal padáka.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.