Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    12 They were fired.
    8 What is it called in English?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    7 What is meant by that?
    2 I work for myself.
    10 This word is not used often.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • f Naštval se.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • g She lost her job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    3 She sent the message.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    9 You can eat it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    13 They hired two employees.
    2 Many workers use it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    9 35 - 20 = 15
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    2 3/4
    6 53
    3 5/9
    4 1/2
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    3 Opili se. drunk
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    17 Dostal padáka.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.