Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    3 I'm an employee.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • f Naštval se.
    • h Štve mě to.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • e He stopped working there.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    14 Our company employed him.
    3 She sent the message.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    6 He promoted her.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    5 32
    6 53
    4 1/2
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    2 3/4
    3 5/9
    1 2/3
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    3 Opili se. drunk
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    3 they, room, clean
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    6 she, hair, cut
    2 my parents, new house, build
    8 we, the table, make
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.