Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    8 What is it called in English?
    3 I'm an employee.
    10 This word is not used often.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • f Naštval se.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • h Štve mě to.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 To rád slyším. glad
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    2 Many workers use it.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    5 They made him do it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    13 They hired two employees.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    2 3/4
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    6 53
    4 1/2
    3 5/9
    5 32
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    1 2/3
    11 0.25

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Stmívá se. dark
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    3 Opili se. drunk
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    6 she, hair, cut
    3 they, room, clean
    4 he, fire her
    8 we, the table, make
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    2 my parents, new house, build

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.