Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    7 She attends a language course.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    1 Where did you go to school?
    3 He failed the exam.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    2 She didn't get into college.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    13 You may know her.
    4 She got a C in math.
    12 He might know.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    9 He got a university degree.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    3 She is fired. past, future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    5 No houses are built. future
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    2 The car was sold. future
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • g He should be punished.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    5
    4
    3
    2
    7
    1
    10
    6
    9
    8

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    1 What is she good at? sing
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • f He should help her.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • a He'd have more money.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    7 I told Jack about it.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    10 We need 200 more.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    5 I saw Jane.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    12 Bude povýšena.
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.