Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 She got a C in math.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    7 She attends a language course.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    12 He might know.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    13 You may know her.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    9 He got a university degree.
    3 He failed the exam.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    8 It takes a lot of studying.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • c He dropped out of school.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    2 The car was sold. future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    5 No houses are built. future
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    3 She is fired. past, future

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • g He should be punished.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • e She's jobless now.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    6
    10
    4
    5
    8
    3
    2
    7
    9
    1

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    1 What is she good at? sing
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • f He should help her.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    5 I saw Jane.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    10 We need 200 more.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    12 Bude povýšena.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.