Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Did you pass the exam?
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    3 He failed the exam.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    13 You may know her.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    12 He might know.
    4 She got a C in math.
    9 He got a university degree.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    7 She attends a language course.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    2 He's a junior in high school.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • g What grade is he in?
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    5 No houses are built. future
    3 She is fired. past, future
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    2 The car was sold. future

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • g He should be punished.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • d It was built in 1965.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    8
    1
    2
    10
    7
    5
    3
    4
    9
    6

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    1 What is she good at? sing
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • f He should help her.
    • e I didn't have time for that.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    11 John's car was stolen.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    5 I saw Jane.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    10 We need 200 more.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    6 Nobody saw me.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    12 Bude povýšena.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.