Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    3 He failed the exam.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    7 She attends a language course.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    12 He might know.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    9 He got a university degree.
    4 She got a C in math.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    13 You may know her.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • f He's doing well at school.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    3 She is fired. past, future
    5 No houses are built. future
    2 The car was sold. future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    6 It isn't used. present perfect

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • g He should be punished.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    5
    2
    6
    7
    8
    1
    10
    3
    9
    4

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    1 What is she good at? sing
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • f He should help her.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • e I didn't have time for that.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    2 Paul helped me do it.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    5 I saw Jane.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    10 We need 200 more.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    12 Bude povýšena.
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.