Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 He got a university degree.
    13 You may know her.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    12 He might know.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    7 She attends a language course.
    4 She got a C in math.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    3 He failed the exam.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    6 Did you pass the exam?

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    5 No houses are built. future
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    2 The car was sold. future
    3 She is fired. past, future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • g He should be punished.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • h It's being repaired.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    8
    4
    5
    3
    2
    1
    6
    9
    7
    10

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    1 What is she good at? sing
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • f He should help her.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • d What am I supposed to do?

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    10 We need 200 more.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    5 I saw Jane.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    1 I want nothing from you.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    12 Bude povýšena.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.