Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    2 How long have you lived here?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    12 We moved in recently.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • b I work from home.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    1 How is your family? - your family?

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • h They've moved to another city.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    1 I'll wait there.
    10 I've been watching you.
    8 What were you wearing?
    7 We were eating out.
    3 Who will do that?
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    2 We were watching him.
    5 I was working on it.
    4 I won't stay.

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    9 I live in a block of flats.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    6 We live on the second floor.
    1 The bill please!
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    4 I'll have chips.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    8 She's female. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    8 To rád slyším.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).