Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    12 We moved in recently.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • b I work from home.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    5 I was working on it.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    1 I'll wait there.
    3 Who will do that?
    8 What were you wearing?
    7 We were eating out.
    2 We were watching him.
    4 I won't stay.
    10 I've been watching you.
    6 I'm feeling tired.

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    7 I've bought new trousers.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    1 The bill please!
    4 I'll have chips.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    5 We'll watch a film.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    8 To rád slyším.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).