Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    12 We moved in recently.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • b I work from home.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

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    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • b I have to park my car outside.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    1 I'll wait there.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    7 We were eating out.
    4 I won't stay.
    8 What were you wearing?
    5 I was working on it.
    10 I've been watching you.
    3 Who will do that?
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    2 We were watching him.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.

    Exercise 13

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    4 I'll have chips.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    1 The bill please!
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    8 We'll take the underground.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    2 They have a home. - They're .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    8 To rád slyším.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).