Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    12 We moved in recently.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • b I work from home.
    • f We moved in only recently.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    1 How is your family? - your family?
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • h They've moved to another city.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    1 I'll wait there.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    8 What were you wearing?
    10 I've been watching you.
    5 I was working on it.
    7 We were eating out.
    2 We were watching him.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    4 I won't stay.
    3 Who will do that?

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    11 What's on at the cinema?
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    4 I'll have chips.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    1 The bill please!
    5 We'll watch a film.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    8 We'll take the underground.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    1 She has children. - She's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    8 To rád slyším.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).