Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    2 How long have you lived here?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    12 We moved in recently.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • b I work from home.
    • a We have a flat of our own.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    1 How is your family? - your family?

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    4 I won't stay.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    8 What were you wearing?
    10 I've been watching you.
    3 Who will do that?
    1 I'll wait there.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    2 We were watching him.
    5 I was working on it.
    7 We were eating out.

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    4 I'll have chips.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    1 The bill please!
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    6 We live on the second floor.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    9 I live in a block of flats.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    8 To rád slyším.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).