Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    2 How long have you lived here?
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    12 We moved in recently.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • b I work from home.
    • f We moved in only recently.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • c They pay for living in that room.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    5 I was working on it.
    7 We were eating out.
    2 We were watching him.
    4 I won't stay.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    10 I've been watching you.
    3 Who will do that?
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    8 What were you wearing?
    1 I'll wait there.

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    5 He's been read it for hours.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    5 We'll watch a film.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    1 The bill please!
    4 I'll have chips.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    2 I've run out of petrol.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    8 She's female. - He's .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    8 To rád slyším.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).