Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    2 I don't get it.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    3
    7
    10
    4
    8
    6
    2
    5
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Máte pravdu.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...