Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    1 How've you been?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    7 He's known her for years.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    11 I'll do my best.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    14 We had the house built.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    10
    4
    9
    6
    8
    3
    1
    7
    2
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    4 Co se děje?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...