Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    8 He's to come too.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    7 He's known her for years.
    6 It made him angry.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    1 How've you been?
    14 We had the house built.
    3 It's getting worse.
    2 I don't get it.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    6
    10
    2
    5
    7
    3
    4
    1
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...