Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    7 He's known her for years.
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    1 How've you been?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    2 I don't get it.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    8 He's to come too.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    5
    2
    7
    10
    8
    9
    1
    4
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Nemusíte platit.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    6 Postarám se o to.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...