Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    3 It's getting worse.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    1 How've you been?
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • f which made him angry.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    1 Where be you last night?
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    15 it sense to you?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 She used to work a teacher.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    1
    9
    10
    4
    5
    7
    8
    3
    6

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    6 Postarám se o to.
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    13 Nechám to na vás.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...