Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    6 We can't without their help.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    1 Have you your homework?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    5
    2
    9
    1
    8
    10
    4
    3
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    4 Co se děje?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...