Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    6 It made him angry.
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    7 He's known her for years.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    11 I'll do my best.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    8 He's to come too.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    8 She used to work a teacher.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    1
    7
    8
    3
    9
    10
    6
    4
    2

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Nemusíte platit.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...