Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    7 He's known her for years.
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    1 How've you been?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    15 Have you done it yet?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    3 I've bring some wine.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    9 He drank five beers.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    6 We can't without their help.
    14 He it to her angry.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    3
    9
    4
    10
    2
    1
    6
    7
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Hodně štěstí!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...