Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    14 We had the house built.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    11 I'll do my best.
    6 It made him angry.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    1 How've you been?
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    3 It's getting worse.
    8 He's to come too.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    2 I don't get it.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    1 Have you your homework?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    2
    10
    6
    3
    7
    4
    5
    9
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...